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DNS (Domain Name System) records are like a phone book for the internet. They tell computers how to find each other and what services they offer. Each type of record serves a different purpose, from connecting domain names to IP addresses to setting up email services.
Changes to DNS records can take up to 48 hours to fully propagate across the internet, but most changes take effect within a few hours. This delay is called "DNS propagation time."
Think of an A record like a contact card that only has someone's street address. It connects a website name to its numeric IPv4 address, just like connecting a business name to its physical location.
When you type 'google.com' in your browser, an A record tells your computer the actual IP address where Google's website is hosted.
Maps a domain name to an IPv4 address. Each domain can have multiple A records for load balancing or redundancy.
Format:
example.com. IN A 192.0.2.1Examples:
Similar to an A record, but for the newer, longer IP addresses (IPv6). It's like having a more detailed address that includes apartment numbers and building codes.
When accessing Facebook through IPv6, an AAAA record might point to '2a03:2880:f003:c07:face:b00c::1'.
Maps a domain name to an IPv6 address, which provides many more possible addresses than IPv4.
Format:
example.com. IN AAAA 2001:db8::1Examples:
Think of MX records as your domain's mail sorting office. They tell emails which server should handle your domain's email, just like a postal code directs letters to the right post office.
When someone sends an email to 'you@yourcompany.com', MX records tell the sender's email server which mail server should receive that message.
Specifies the mail servers responsible for receiving email messages. Includes priority values where lower numbers have higher priority.
Format:
example.com. IN MX 10 mail.example.comExamples:
A CNAME is like a nickname or alias. If you have a shop known by different names, a CNAME helps direct people to the same place regardless of which name they use.
Using 'www.example.com' to point to 'example.com', so both addresses show the same website.
Creates an alias pointing one domain name to another. The target must be a domain name, not an IP address.
Format:
www.example.com. IN CNAME example.com.Examples:
TXT records are like sticky notes for your domain. They let you attach extra information or verification codes that other systems can read.
When setting up Google Workspace, Google asks you to add a TXT record to prove you own the domain.
Holds text information for various purposes, commonly used for domain verification and email security.
Format:
example.com. IN TXT "v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com ~all"Examples:
NS records are like the phone directory of the internet. They tell everyone which servers are in charge of providing information about your domain.
When you register a domain with Cloudflare, you need to set NS records pointing to Cloudflare's nameservers.
Delegates a domain or subdomain to a set of name servers. Essential for domain functionality.
Format:
example.com. IN NS ns1.dnshost.com.Examples: